Which type of breast milk is known for providing passive immunity to the neonate?

Colostrum is the first form of milk produced by the mammary glands during late pregnancy and the days immediately following childbirth. This early milk is rich in immunoglobulins, particularly IgA, which plays a crucial role in providing passive immunity to the neonate. IgA helps to protect the infant's gastrointestinal tract by forming a protective barrier against pathogens, thus reducing the risk of infections during the early stages of life when the infant's immune system is still developing.

Additionally, colostrum contains a high concentration of nutrients and antibodies compared to later milk, which contributes to the infant's overall health and ability to thrive. This initial milk is considered essential for establishing the baby's immune defense system as they transition to more mature breast milk.

In contrast, transitional milk represents a stage that occurs after colostrum and provides more calories and nutrients but is not as concentrated in immunological factors as colostrum. Mature foremilk, produced later in lactation, mainly serves to satisfy the infant's thirst and contains various nutrients necessary for growth. Expressed breast milk refers to breast milk that has been pumped, which contains similar components to breast milk but does not specifically signify the immunological benefits that colostrum offers during the early days of lactation