What is the most common complication after spinal blockade?

Hypotension is indeed recognized as the most common complication following a spinal blockade. When a spinal anesthesia is administered, it blocks nerve impulses in the lower part of the body, which can lead to a significant drop in blood pressure due to vasodilation and decreased sympathetic tone. This is particularly relevant for obstetric patients, as the vascular system undergoes changes during pregnancy that can exacerbate the effects of hypotension.

Monitoring and managing blood pressure during and after spinal anesthesia is critical, as hypotension can lead to reduced uteroplacental perfusion and compromise fetal well-being, as well as cause symptoms like dizziness and nausea in the patient. Therefore, it is essential for nursing staff to observe vital signs closely and be prepared to intervene if significant hypotension occurs.

The other complications listed, while potential concerns in specific contexts, are not as commonly associated with spinal blocks. For example, hypertension could occur in certain situations but is less typical than hypotension in the context of a spinal anesthetic. Respiratory distress is more pertinent to different types of anesthesia (like general anesthesia) or complications unrelated to spinal blocks. Similarly, thrombosis is a risk that may develop from immobility but is not an immediate complication after a spinal blockade.