How many phases compose the first stage of labor?

The first stage of labor is composed of three distinct phases: the latent phase, the active phase, and the transition phase.

During the latent phase, which can last several hours to days, contractions become more regular and cervical effacement begins, but the dilation of the cervix is still limited, usually reaching up to 3-4 centimeters.

The active phase marks a significant change, where contractions become more intense and frequent, leading to quicker cervical dilation from around 4 cm to 7 cm. This phase typically requires more focused support and monitoring, as women may also require analgesia at this time.

The transition phase is the final part of the first stage, where the cervix dilates from 7 cm to 10 cm. This phase is often characterized by the most intense contractions and can involve emotional and physical challenges for the laboring person.

Understanding these phases is crucial for nursing care during labor, as each stage requires different support and interventions to promote a safe and positive experience for the birthing person. This is why recognizing that there are three distinct phases in the first stage of labor is essential in obstetric nursing practice.