During which stage of labor does external rotation of the fetal head occur?

External rotation of the fetal head occurs immediately after the delivery of the head. This physiological maneuver is crucial as it allows the shoulders of the fetus to align with the pelvic inlet, facilitating their passage through the birth canal. After the head emerges, the fetus rotates to an oblique or anterior-posterior position, which is essential to ensure that the shoulders can navigate through the pelvic outlet without obstruction.

This process typically happens during the second stage of labor, specifically right after the birth of the head but before the delivery of the body. Understanding this sequence is vital for obstetric nurses as it prepares them to assist and anticipate the next steps in delivery, ensuring the safety of both the mother and neonate.