During labor, what should be the maximum rate of paced breathing?

The maximum rate of paced breathing during labor is generally considered to be up to two times the normal resting respiratory rate. This approach is effective for helping women manage pain and anxiety during contractions while also ensuring that the mother and fetus maintain adequate oxygenation. Doubling the normal breathing rate allows for a focus on rhythmic patterns that can help to alleviate discomfort and create a sense of control during labor.

Breathing techniques are aimed at enhancing relaxation and can help in coping with the various stages of labor. However, it's essential to avoid excessive rates of breathing, as this could lead to hyperventilation, which can cause decreased carbon dioxide levels and potentially result in adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. This is why options suggesting rates significantly greater than double, or encouraging extremely fast breathing, are inappropriate for maintaining safety and comfort during labor.