During delivery, if meconium-stained amniotic fluid is observed, what should be the initial response?

When meconium-stained amniotic fluid is observed during delivery, the initial response should be to suction the infant before he or she takes the first breath. This approach is crucial because meconium can lead to meconium aspiration syndrome if the infant inhales it into the lungs at the time of delivery.

By suctioning the infant’s airway immediately, healthcare providers can reduce the risk of the infant inhaling meconium, which can cause severe respiratory complications. This is particularly important if the meconium is thick or if there are signs that the infant may be depressed at birth.

Prompt suctioning of the neonate's airway helps to clear any meconium that could potentially obstruct the airway and facilitate easier breathing once the infant is delivered. Following this action, assessment of the infant's respiratory status can be performed, but initiating suctioning prior to the first breath is critical in minimizing the risk of complications related to meconium aspiration.