Complications associated with maternal obesity during labor include which of the following?

The complications associated with maternal obesity during labor primarily include a prolonged second stage of labor, fetal macrosomia, and maternal hypertension.

Prolonged second stage of labor can occur due to several factors related to maternal obesity, including increased soft tissue mass and potential for difficulty in positioning or effective pushing during delivery. Fetal macrosomia, defined as a newborn weight over 4,000 grams, is a common concern with obese mothers since excess weight can lead to higher gestational diabetes rates, which in turn contributes to fetal growth. Maternal hypertension is another significant issue, as obesity is closely linked with preeclampsia and other hypertensive disorders, increasing risks for both mother and baby during labor.

While the other answer choices mention relevant complications that can arise, they are not as closely associated directly with maternal obesity during labor as the options provided in choice B. For instance, maternal hypotension and uterine rupture, although serious, tend not to correlate specifically with obesity. Meconium aspiration and maternal hemorrhage are also serious complications but are generally not as directly tied to maternal obesity as the labor-associated issues mentioned in choice B. Thus, understanding the specific risks that maternal obesity presents during the labor process helps highlight the most relevant complications such as those noted