A patient who survived the acute stages of amniotic fluid embolism with disseminated intravascular coagulation is at increased risk for which condition?

The increased risk for left heart failure and neurological impairment following the acute stages of amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is based on the pathophysiological consequences associated with these conditions.

In AFE, a cascade of events occurs due to the entry of amniotic fluid into the maternal circulation, which can lead to an acute cardiovascular collapse. This acute situation can result in severe left ventricular dysfunction and hence lead to left heart failure. The stress on the cardiovascular system, combined with the potential for thrombosis and coagulopathy associated with DIC, can further compromise left ventricular function.

Additionally, AFE can cause acute respiratory distress and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), which may culminate in neurological impairment due to hypoxia and potential embolic strokes. These factors can lead to long-term consequences for both heart function and neurological status.

While the other options reference other organ systems that may also be affected, the combination of left heart failure and neurological impairment aligns specifically with the known complications following amniotic fluid embolism and the coagulopathic state induced by DIC.